What is the purpose of the @Value annotation?

@Value injects a single value - typically read from application properties, environment variables, or a PropertySource - directly into a field, constructor parameter, or setter, using ${...} placeholder syntax. It also supports Spring Expression Language (SpEL) for simple computed defaults.

@Component
public class MailConfig {
    @Value("${mail.retry.count:3}")
    private int retryCount;
}

In the example above, if mail.retry.count isn't defined in application.properties, Spring falls back to the default value 3 after the colon. @Value is convenient for individual settings, but when a whole group of related properties needs binding, @ConfigurationProperties on a dedicated class is the more maintainable choice.

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