How is message persistence achieved in RabbitMQ?

Persistence in RabbitMQ is opt-in and requires configuration on both the queue and the message, not just one of them.

1. Declare the queue as durable so RabbitMQ remembers it exists after a restart.
2. Publish the message with the persistent delivery mode (delivery_mode=2), so the broker writes its body to disk.
3. Optionally combine with publisher confirms, so the producer only treats the message as safe after the broker confirms the disk write.

channel.basic_publish(
    exchange='orders',
    routing_key='order.created',
    body=payload,
    properties=pika.BasicProperties(delivery_mode=2)
)

Note that persistence protects against a broker crash/restart, but it does not by itself protect against the loss of the single disk that node is running on - that is what replicated quorum queues are for.

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