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Spring / Spring Retry Interview Questions

What is the difference between include and exclude in @Retryable?

In older versions of Spring Retry, @Retryable had include and exclude attributes to specify which exception classes should or should not trigger a retry. In newer versions (Spring Retry 1.3+), these were renamed to retryFor and noRetryFor respectively for clarity, though the old names are still supported as aliases.

include vs exclude (retryFor vs noRetryFor)
AttributeNew NameEffect
includeretryForRetry ONLY when this exception type is thrown
excludenoRetryForDo NOT retry when this exception type is thrown

Priority and interaction rules:

  • If both retryFor and noRetryFor are specified, the exception must match retryFor AND not match noRetryFor for a retry to occur.
  • If neither is specified, all exceptions trigger a retry (defaulting to Exception.class).
  • If only noRetryFor is specified, all exceptions except those listed are retried.
@Retryable(
    retryFor = { IOException.class },
    noRetryFor = { FileNotFoundException.class }
)
public void readFile(String path) { ... }

This retries IOException but not the subclass FileNotFoundException, which is useful when a missing file is a permanent error and retrying it is pointless.

What is the new name for the include attribute in modern Spring Retry versions?
If both retryFor and noRetryFor are set, when does a retry occur?

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