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Database / Mnesia basics Interview questions

How do you create a Mnesia schema?

Creating a schema is a one-time setup step, typically run from an Erlang shell before your application starts Mnesia for the first time, specifying which nodes will participate in the database.

1> mnesia:create_schema([node()]).
ok
2> mnesia:start().
ok

mnesia:create_schema/1 takes a list of node names and writes the initial schema metadata to disk on each of them — it will fail if Mnesia is already running on any of those nodes, since the schema has to be laid down before the system is live. For a multi-node cluster, you'd list every participating node in that same call so they all start out with a consistent, shared schema from the beginning.

What must be true before you can successfully call mnesia:create_schema/1?
What does mnesia:create_schema([node()]) set up?

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What is Mnesia? What is a Mnesia table? What are the storage types available for a Mnesia table? What is a Mnesia schema? How do you create a Mnesia schema? How do you create a Mnesia table? What is a Mnesia transaction? How do you write a record to a Mnesia table? How do you read a record from a Mnesia table? What are dirty operations in Mnesia? What is mnesia:dirty_read/1? What is a Mnesia record? How do you delete a record from a Mnesia table? What is the purpose of mnesia:start/0? How do you stop Mnesia? What are the Mnesia table types (set, ordered_set, bag)? What is a Mnesia index? How do you add a secondary index to a Mnesia table? What is mnesia:info/0 used for? How do you check if Mnesia is running? What is the Mnesia directory (Mnesia.dir)? What is the primary key in a Mnesia table? What is mnesia:select/2 used for? What is record_info used for when creating a Mnesia table? What are the attributes of a Mnesia table? What is a Mnesia node? How do you replicate a table across multiple Mnesia nodes? What is mnesia:table_info/2 used for? Describe the difference between a Mnesia table and an ETS table? Why should Mnesia operations generally run inside a transaction? When should you use dirty operations instead of a transaction? What is the difference between ram_copies and disc_copies? What is disc_only_copies and when would you use it? What happens to a disc_copies table when its node restarts? How do you change a table's storage type at runtime? What is a Mnesia table lock and how does it work? How does Mnesia keep replicated tables consistent across nodes? How do you migrate a Mnesia record definition when its fields change? What is mnesia:transform_table/3 used for? When should you choose bag over set for a Mnesia table? How do you back up a Mnesia database? How do you restore a Mnesia database from a backup? Explain the lifecycle of a Mnesia transaction from start to commit? How do you troubleshoot a Mnesia table stuck in the "loading" state? What is mnesia:force_load_table/1 and when should you use it? What is the difference between mnesia:read/1 and mnesia:wread/1? What is a Mnesia checkpoint used for? How does Mnesia resolve conflicts after a network partition heals?
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