Tools / Cyber Security Interview Questions
What are the types of Firewalls?
Firewalls are generally grouped by how deep they inspect traffic and where they sit in the network path.
| Type | What it does |
| Packet-filtering firewall | Checks headers only (IP, port, protocol) with no awareness of connection state |
| Stateful inspection firewall | Tracks the state of active connections and allows only traffic matching an established session |
| Proxy (application-level) firewall | Terminates the connection and inspects traffic at the application layer before forwarding it |
| Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW) | Combines deep packet inspection, intrusion prevention, and application awareness in one device |
Most enterprise networks use NGFWs since they can identify specific applications and users, not just ports, giving finer-grained control over traffic.
Which firewall type tracks connection state?
Which firewall type combines deep inspection with intrusion prevention?
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