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Python / Uvicorn Fundamentals Interview Questions

What is Uvicorn's --interface flag and what application types does it support?

The --interface flag tells Uvicorn which application protocol to expect. The default auto setting detects the interface automatically, but you can force a specific mode.

--interface options
ValueInterfaceWebSocket supportNotes
auto (default)Auto-detect ASGI3, ASGI2, or WSGIIf ASGIRecommended for most cases
asgi3ASGI 3.0 (current standard)YesExplicit ASGI3
asgi2ASGI 2.0 (legacy double-callable)YesLegacy - rarely needed
wsgiWSGI (synchronous)NoAlways disables WebSocket support
# Auto-detect (default - recommended)
uvicorn main:app --interface auto

# Explicit ASGI3 (FastAPI, Starlette, modern frameworks)
uvicorn main:app --interface asgi3

# WSGI mode (for Django without channels, Flask)
uvicorn main:app --interface wsgi
# WARNING: WSGI mode disables WebSocket support entirely

# Programmatic:
uvicorn.run("main:app", interface="asgi3")

WSGI mode deprecation note: Uvicorn's native WSGI implementation is deprecated. For running WSGI applications through Uvicorn, you should use the a2wsgi adapter (pip install a2wsgi) which wraps your WSGI app in an ASGI-compatible interface. This approach keeps the full ASGI pipeline while supporting legacy WSGI apps.

What happens to WebSocket support when you set --interface wsgi in Uvicorn?
What is the recommended way to run a legacy WSGI app through Uvicorn as an alternative to the deprecated WSGI mode?

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