How do you troubleshoot a MissingMethodException in Groovy?

Read the exception message carefully first - it names the exact method signature Groovy tried and failed to resolve, method name plus argument types, which is usually enough to spot a typo, wrong argument count, or wrong argument type at the call site.

Check whether the target object's actual runtime type is what you expected - Groovy's dynamic dispatch resolves based on the object's real type at the moment of the call, so a variable declared with def holding an unexpected type, from an earlier reassignment or an unexpected return value from another method, is a common cause that a purely static read-through of the code might miss.

If the method is supposed to be dynamically supplied - via metaClass, a mixin, a Category, or a methodMissing implementation - verify that mechanism is actually active in the current context; a Category applied inside a use {} block, for example, only affects code within that block's scope, not the whole application, and calling the same method outside that block will fail to resolve.

If @CompileStatic or @TypeChecked is applied to the calling code, remember these enforce compile-time resolution against a known, static type - a call that would have worked dynamically may now fail to even compile, and the fix is either providing an explicit type hint, or reconsidering whether that method call belongs in statically-compiled code at all.

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