What is the def keyword used for in Groovy?

def declares a variable, method, or field without specifying an explicit static type, letting Groovy infer or defer the type dynamically rather than requiring it upfront the way Java does.

A variable declared with def can be reassigned to a value of a completely different type over its lifetime, since its declared type is effectively Object unless narrowed by other means like static compilation checks.

def is optional in the sense that you can still declare an explicit type (like String name = "x") instead, and doing so where the type is known is generally considered better practice for readability and tooling support.

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