Testing / Playwright Interview questions

What is Playwright?

Playwright is an open-source end-to-end testing and browser automation framework built by Microsoft, first released in 2020. It drives Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit through one API, so the same script runs across all three engines without rewriting selectors or logic.

Instead of going through the WebDriver protocol like older tools, Playwright talks to the browser directly over a persistent connection, which gives it tighter control over network requests, dialogs, downloads, and multiple isolated browser contexts in a single process.

It comes bundled with its own test runner, Playwright Test, plus official bindings for JavaScript/TypeScript, Python, Java, and .NET. Auto-waiting and web-first assertions are built in specifically to cut down on the flaky, timing-related failures common in UI automation.

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Playwright was created and is maintained by: Microsoft

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Google

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The Selenium project

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Playwright communicates with browsers primarily through: An HTTP polling loop

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A direct, persistent browser protocol connection

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Manual screenshot comparison

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What is Playwright? What are the supported browsers in Playwright? What are the supported programming languages in Playwright? How do you install Playwright? What is the purpose of the Playwright Test Runner? What are locators in Playwright? How do you use the page.goto() method? Define auto-waiting in Playwright? Describe the Playwright Inspector? List the different types of locators in Playwright? What is a fixture in Playwright? How do you take a screenshot in Playwright? What is the Trace Viewer in Playwright? How do you use codegen in Playwright? What are assertions in Playwright? What is the difference between Playwright and Selenium? How does Playwright handle multiple tabs and windows? What is the difference between page.click() and locator().click()? How do you handle iframes in Playwright? What is the difference between expect().toBeVisible() and isVisible()? How does Playwright differentiate retry behavior between actions and assertions? What is the purpose of browser contexts in Playwright? How do you mock API responses in Playwright? What is the difference between soft assertions and hard assertions in Playwright? How do you run tests in parallel in Playwright? What is the difference between test.beforeEach and test.beforeAll? How do you handle file uploads in Playwright? How do you handle authentication state across tests in Playwright? What is the difference between waitForSelector and waitForLoadState? How do you generate an HTML report in Playwright? What is the difference between headless and headed mode? How do you debug a failing Playwright test? What are Playwright's API testing capabilities? How do you handle elements that load dynamically or asynchronously? What is the difference between Playwright's expect and Jest's expect? Explain the internal working of Playwright's browser automation? Explain the execution flow of a Playwright test? Why is Playwright generally faster than Selenium? When should you use component testing in Playwright? How can you optimize Playwright test execution time? How do you troubleshoot flaky tests in Playwright? Explain the lifecycle of a browser context in Playwright? What happens when a Playwright locator doesn't match any element within the timeout? How does Playwright implement network interception and request mocking internally? Why doesn't Playwright rely on the WebDriver protocol? How do you implement the Page Object Model in Playwright? What is the difference between sharding and parallel workers in Playwright? How does Playwright handle elements inside Shadow DOM? Explain the internal working of Playwright's auto-waiting and actionability checks? How can you integrate Playwright tests into a CI/CD pipeline?

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How do you take a screenshot in Playwright? How do you handle iframes in Playwright? How do you use the page.goto() method? What is a fixture in Playwright? What are assertions in Playwright? What is the difference between page.click() and locator().click()? What are the supported programming languages in Playwright? What are locators in Playwright? Describe the Playwright Inspector? List the different types of locators in Playwright? What is the Trace Viewer in Playwright? How do you use codegen in Playwright? What is the difference between Playwright and Selenium? How does Playwright handle multiple tabs and windows? What is Playwright? What are the supported browsers in Playwright? How do you install Playwright? What is the purpose of the Playwright Test Runner? Define auto-waiting in Playwright? What is the difference between expect().toBeVisible() and isVisible()?

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