What is a GitLab CI/CD pipeline?

A pipeline is the top-level component of GitLab CI/CD. It is a complete automated workflow that runs when triggered by an event (such as a git push). A pipeline consists of one or more stages, each containing one or more jobs.

Pipeline lifecycle:

• A pipeline is created when a triggering event occurs (push, merge request, schedule, API call, etc.)
• Jobs are assigned to available runners which execute them
• The pipeline passes if all jobs succeed, fails if any job fails
• Results and logs are visible under Build > Pipelines in the GitLab UI

# A pipeline with 3 stages:
# Stage 1 (build): runs first
# Stage 2 (test): runs after build passes
# Stage 3 (deploy): runs after test passes

stages:
  - build
  - test
  - deploy

build-app:
  stage: build
  script: make build

unit-tests:
  stage: test
  script: make test

deploy-staging:
  stage: deploy
  script: make deploy

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