What are Apigee flow variables and how do you work with them?

Flow variables are runtime key-value pairs that carry contextual information through the Apigee request/response pipeline. They are the primary means by which policies share data with each other. Some variables are automatically populated by Apigee; others are created by policies like ExtractVariables or AssignMessage.

<!-- Reference a flow variable in policy XML using curly braces -->
<AssignMessage name="AM.SetHeader">
  <Set>
    <Headers>
      <!-- Reference built-in variable -->
      <Header name="x-request-path">{request.path}</Header>
      <!-- Reference variable set by ExtractVariables -->
      <Header name="x-order-id">{orderId}</Header>
      <!-- Reference verifyapikey variable -->
      <Header name="x-client-id">{verifyapikey.VerifyAPIKey.client_id}</Header>
    </Headers>
  </Set>
</AssignMessage>

<!-- Reference in a condition expression (no braces needed) -->
<Flow name="OrdersFlow">
  <Condition>request.verb == "GET" and
             proxy.pathsuffix MatchesPath "/orders/**"</Condition>
</Flow>

<!-- Set a variable using JavaScript -->
// context.setVariable("myCustomVar", "hello");
// context.getVariable("request.header.x-api-key");
// var statusCode = context.getVariable("response.status.code");

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