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API / APIGEE Gateway Interview Questions

What analytics capabilities does Apigee provide?

Apigee includes a built-in analytics engine that automatically captures data about every API request passing through the gateway. No additional instrumentation is needed in the backend. Analytics data powers dashboards, alerting, custom reports, and the developer portal.

Apigee analytics capabilities
CapabilityDescription
Built-in dashboardsTraffic overview, error rates, latency percentiles, top APIs, top developers
Custom reportsDrag-and-drop report builder on any collected dimension or metric
StatisticsCollector policyCapture custom business metrics (e.g. order value, product category) from request/response
Data exportExport raw analytics to BigQuery for long-term analysis and custom BI tools
AlertingSet thresholds on metrics (e.g. error rate > 5%) and receive alerts
Developer portal analyticsDevelopers see their own app's usage stats
Advanced API SecurityAnomaly detection powered by AI/ML to identify bot attacks and misuse
<!-- StatisticsCollector: capture custom business dimension -->
<StatisticsCollector name="SC.OrderMetrics">
  <Statistics>
    <!-- Capture the order total from the JSON body as a metric -->
    <Statistic name="order_total" ref="order.total" type="Float"/>
    <!-- Capture the product category as a dimension for segmentation -->
    <Statistic name="product_category" ref="product.category" type="String"/>
  </Statistics>
</StatisticsCollector>

<!-- Metrics Apigee automatically captures (no policy needed):
  - request count
  - error count and error rate
  - response time (p50, p95, p99)
  - request/response payload sizes
  - developer / app / API product names
  - response status code breakdown -->

What Apigee policy enables you to capture custom business metrics (such as order value) into the analytics engine?
What happens to Apigee analytics data if you want to run long-term trend analysis or custom BI dashboards?

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What is Apigee and what problem does it solve for organisations? What are the deployment models available in Apigee? What is an API proxy in Apigee and what are its main components? What are Flows in Apigee and what is the request/response processing pipeline? What are Apigee Policies and what categories are available? What is the VerifyAPIKey policy and how does basic API key security work in Apigee? How does OAuth 2.0 work in Apigee and what grant types are supported? What is the difference between Quota and SpikeArrest policies in Apigee? What is an API Product in Apigee and how does it differ from an API Proxy? What is the Apigee organisation hierarchy and what are Environments? What are Shared Flows in Apigee and when do you use them? What is response caching in Apigee and how do you configure the ResponseCache policy? What is the AssignMessage policy and what can it do? What is the ExtractVariables policy and how does it work with flow variables? What is the ServiceCallout policy and when would you use it? What are Key Value Maps (KVMs) in Apigee and how do you use them? How does fault handling and error management work in Apigee? What is Target Server configuration in Apigee and why is it used instead of hardcoding backend URLs? What analytics capabilities does Apigee provide? What is the Apigee Developer Portal and how does it support the developer experience? How does JWT validation work in Apigee? What is the MessageLogging policy in Apigee and how is it used for audit and debugging? How does Apigee handle CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)? What is the Apigee hybrid architecture in more depth, including its components? What are Environment Groups and how does routing work in Apigee? How does TLS and mutual TLS (mTLS) work in Apigee? What is the Access Control policy in Apigee and how do you allowlist/denylist IPs? How do the JSONToXML and XMLToJSON policies work in Apigee? What is GraphQL proxy support in Apigee? What is Apigee CI/CD and how do you deploy proxies in a pipeline? What is RBAC (Role-Based Access Control) in Apigee and what are the built-in roles? What is Advanced API Security in Apigee and how does it detect bot attacks? What is Apigee API Hub and how does it relate to Apigee gateway? How does load balancing and health checking work on Apigee TargetEndpoints? What is the Apigee Debug / Trace tool and how do you use it for troubleshooting? How do you import an OpenAPI specification into Apigee to generate a proxy? What is Apigee monetisation and how does it work? What are Apigee flow variables and how do you work with them? How does Apigee compare to other API gateways such as Kong, AWS API Gateway, and MuleSoft? What are common Apigee anti-patterns and best practices for production deployments?
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