API / Apache FreeMarker Interview questions

What is a FreeMarker template?

A FreeMarker template is a text file, conventionally saved with the .ftl extension, that mixes literal output text with FTL constructs: directives (<#if>, <#list>, <#macro>), interpolations (${expression}), and comments (<#-- ... -->).

A template is not executed directly. Configuration.getTemplate(name) loads its source through a TemplateLoader, parses it once into an in-memory Template object (an AST), and caches that object. Calling Template.process(dataModel, writer) then walks the AST, evaluates expressions against the supplied data model, and writes the resulting text to the given Writer.

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A FreeMarker template file conventionally uses which extension?.jsp

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.ftl

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.vm

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.tpl

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What does Template.process(dataModel, writer) actually do?Walks the parsed template and writes merged output to the given writer

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Recompiles the .ftl source file from scratch on every call

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Converts the template into a Java class file

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Opens a new database connection for the data model

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More Related questions...

What is Apache FreeMarker? What are the main use cases of FreeMarker? What is a FreeMarker template? What is the purpose of the FreeMarker Configuration object? What are the types in FreeMarker's data model? Define directive in FreeMarker? What is the purpose of interpolation (${...}) in FreeMarker? What is the purpose of the <#if> directive? What are the types of loops available in FreeMarker? How do you use the #assign directive? How do you apply default values for missing variables in FreeMarker? Describe the built-ins available in FreeMarker? List the comparison operators supported in FreeMarker? What is the purpose of the #include directive? What is the purpose of the #import directive? How do you use comments in FreeMarker templates? What is the difference between #include and #import? What is the difference between #assign and #global? What is the difference between #assign and #local? How does FreeMarker handle missing or null values differently from Java? What is the difference between the?? and! operators? Explain the execution flow of template processing in FreeMarker? What happens when a variable referenced in a template is not found in the data model? How do you create a custom directive in FreeMarker using TemplateDirectiveModel? How do you create a user-defined macro using #macro? What is the difference between a macro and a custom directive (TemplateDirectiveModel)? How does FreeMarker's auto-escaping work? Why should you use an ObjectWrapper such as DefaultObjectWrapper in FreeMarker? What is the difference between BeansWrapper and DefaultObjectWrapper? How can you optimize FreeMarker template performance? How do you troubleshoot a TemplateNotFoundException? What is the difference between TemplateException and ParseException? Why does FreeMarker use its own restricted expression language instead of plain Java? When should you choose FreeMarker over other template engines like Velocity or Thymeleaf? What is the difference between FreeMarker and Apache Velocity? What is the difference between FreeMarker and Thymeleaf? Explain the lifecycle of a FreeMarker Template object? What is the purpose of TemplateLoader, and what types are available? How does FreeMarker resolve template paths when a MultiTemplateLoader chains several loaders together? Explain the internal working of FreeMarker's template caching? Why doesn't FreeMarker allow templates unrestricted access to Java reflection and side-effecting method calls? What is the purpose of the incompatible_improvements setting? How do you access static Java members (static methods, fields, and enum constants) from a FreeMarker template? How do you access the current loop position and detect the last item inside a #list block? How do you handle exceptions raised inside a FreeMarker template using TemplateExceptionHandler? How do you internationalize FreeMarker templates for different locales? Explain how FreeMarker integrates with Spring MVC? How do you use a custom TemplateTransformModel to post-process a template's output? Which is generally the better choice for a new project today, FreeMarker or Velocity, and why? What is the difference between FreeMarker's #switch/#case and a chain of #if/#elseif directives?

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What is the purpose of interpolation (${...}) in FreeMarker? List the comparison operators supported in FreeMarker? What are the main use cases of FreeMarker? What are the types in FreeMarker's data model? How do you use the #assign directive? Describe the built-ins available in FreeMarker? How do you access static Java members (static methods, fields, and enum constants) from a FreeMarker template? What is Apache FreeMarker? What is the purpose of the FreeMarker Configuration object? What is the difference between FreeMarker's #switch/#case and a chain of #if/#elseif directives? What is the purpose of the <#if> directive? What are the types of loops available in FreeMarker? What is the difference between #assign and #local? How do you apply default values for missing variables in FreeMarker? Why doesn't FreeMarker allow templates unrestricted access to Java reflection and side-effecting method calls? What is the purpose of the incompatible_improvements setting? Define directive in FreeMarker? Which is generally the better choice for a new project today, FreeMarker or Velocity, and why? What is a FreeMarker template? What is the purpose of the #include directive?

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