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DevOps / Gitlab Interview questions

What are the main features of GitLab?

GitLab groups its capabilities into a few core areas that together cover most of the software delivery lifecycle in one product.

  1. Source code management - Git repositories, branches, merge requests, and code review.
  2. CI/CD - pipelines defined in .gitlab-ci.yml, run by GitLab Runners.
  3. Planning - issues, issue boards, epics, milestones, and roadmaps.
  4. Container Registry - a built-in Docker image registry per project.
  5. Security scanning - SAST, DAST, dependency and container scanning (Ultimate/Premium tiers).
  6. GitLab Pages - free static site hosting straight from a repository.
  7. Wiki and Snippets - lightweight documentation and reusable code sharing per project.

Which of these matter to a given team varies by subscription tier; Free covers the essentials (repos, basic CI/CD, issues), while Premium and Ultimate unlock heavier governance and security features.

Which of these is a built-in GitLab feature, not a bolt-on?
GitLab Pages is primarily used for:

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What is GitLab? What is Git? What is the difference between Git and GitLab? What is the difference between GitLab and GitHub? What are the main features of GitLab? What is a GitLab repository? What is a GitLab merge request? What are GitLab CI/CD pipelines? What is a.gitlab-ci.yml file? What is a GitLab Runner? What are stages and jobs in a GitLab pipeline? What is a GitLab Issue Board? What are GitLab Epics? What is the difference between a GitLab group and a GitLab project? What is GitLab Container Registry? What is GitLab Pages? What are protected branches in GitLab? What is GitLab Auto DevOps? What is forking in GitLab? What are labels in GitLab? What is the GitLab Wiki? What are the different GitLab subscription tiers? What is GitLab Flow? What is a GitLab milestone? What is a GitLab Snippet? Explain the execution flow of a GitLab CI/CD pipeline from commit to deployment? Why would a DevOps team choose GitLab over GitHub for a single-platform workflow? How does a GitLab merge request differ from a GitHub pull request? What is the difference between GitLab.com (SaaS) and GitLab self-managed? How do you write a multi-stage.gitlab-ci.yml pipeline? When should you use CI/CD variables versus environment-scoped variables in GitLab? How do you troubleshoot a GitLab Runner stuck in "pending"? What is the difference between shell, Docker, and Kubernetes GitLab Runner executors? How does GitLab enforce merge request approvals with Code Owners? Explain the internal working of GitLab merge trains? What is the difference between GitLab CI/CD and Jenkins? How do you implement GitOps with GitLab and Kubernetes agent? Why use GitLab Auto DevOps instead of hand-writing pipelines? What is the difference between "include" and "extends" in GitLab CI/CD YAML? How does GitLab cache artifacts between pipeline jobs? When would you choose GitLab Ultimate over GitLab Premium? How do you configure branch protection rules to enforce a merge-request-only workflow? What is the difference between GitLab CI/CD "rules" and the deprecated "only/except" keywords? Explain the lifecycle of a GitLab issue from creation to closure? How do you optimize GitLab CI/CD pipeline performance for a large monorepo? What is the difference between GitLab Container Registry and Docker Hub? How does GitLab's Auto DevOps decide which CI/CD template to apply to a project? Why should you use GitLab environments to track deployments? What is the difference between a group-level and project-level CI/CD variable in GitLab? How do you troubleshoot merge conflicts flagged in a GitLab merge request?
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