Hibernate / EclipseLink Interview questions
What is JPA (Jakarta Persistence API)?
Jakarta Persistence, formerly the Java Persistence API (JPA), is a Java specification that defines how Java objects are mapped to and persisted in a relational database. It standardizes annotations like @Entity and @Id, the query language JPQL, and core runtime interfaces like EntityManager, so application code isn't tied to any one specific persistence provider.
JPA itself is just the specification; it has no runtime behavior on its own. A provider, such as EclipseLink or Hibernate, implements that specification and does the actual work of translating entity operations into SQL against a real database.
The specification moved from Sun's Java Community Process to the Eclipse Foundation as part of the broader Java EE to Jakarta EE transition, which is why newer versions use the jakarta.persistence package instead of the older javax.persistence package.
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