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BigData / Data Lake Interview questions

How do Data Lakes integrate with other systems?

Data lakes integrate with diverse systems through APIs, connectors, and data movement tools. Common integration patterns include database replication (CDC tools), API ingestion (REST/GraphQL connectors), file transfers (S3 buckets, SFTP), messaging systems (Kafka), and ETL/ELT tools. Federation enables querying across systems without data movement. Technologies: Apache NiFi (data routing), Airbyte/Fivetran (connectors), Debezium (CDC), Kafka Connect. Best practices: use standard formats, implement idempotent ingestion, monitor integration health, version schemas.

What tool enables database change data capture?
What technique queries multiple systems without moving data?

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