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What are the types of Caddy configuration formats?

Caddy's native, internal configuration language is JSON - every setting Caddy understands has a JSON representation. To avoid hand-writing JSON, Caddy ships config adapters that translate other formats into that JSON before Caddy loads it.

FormatHow it's used
JSONNative format; loaded directly, supports every feature and module option.
CaddyfileDefault human-readable format; adapted to JSON automatically at startup.
nginx / caddyfile / json5 adaptersCommunity adapters that convert other config styles (e.g. nginx.conf) into Caddy JSON.

You can preview the conversion yourself with caddy adapt --config Caddyfile, which prints the equivalent JSON without starting the server.

Caddy's native configuration language is:
The `caddy adapt` command is used to:

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