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Java / Using String

What is the difference between appending a string to a StringBuilder and concatenating two strings with a + operator?

String is immutable while StringBuilder is not.

When concatenating two String instances, a new object is created, and strings are copied. This may cause a huge garbage collector overhead if we need to create or modify a string in a loop. StringBuilder allows handling string manipulations much more efficiently.

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System.out.println ("A"=="A");
What is the difference between appending a string to a StringBuilder and concatenating two strings with a + operator? How string concatenation operator (+) works in Java? When the concatenation of final string literal happen? Is Java's SimpleDateFormat thread-safe?
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