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AI / LangGraph LangChain Interview questions

What is LangChain?

LangChain is an open-source framework for building applications powered by large language models (LLMs). It provides composable abstractions — Models, Prompts, Chains, Agents, Memory, and Tools — that make it practical to connect LLMs with external data and systems without writing all the integration plumbing from scratch.

The framework is built around several key abstractions. Models give a unified interface to LLMs such as OpenAI, Anthropic, and Google regardless of their individual APIs. Prompts are templates that format inputs before they reach the model. Chains sequence calls to models, tools, or other Runnables. Agents let the LLM decide which tools to call and in what order. Memory stores conversation context so later turns can reference earlier ones. Tools are callable functions — web search, calculators, database queries — that models can invoke.

LangChain's declarative composition syntax, LCEL, uses the pipe operator | to connect components: prompt | model | parser. The ecosystem extends to LangSmith (tracing and evaluation), LangServe (REST deployment), and LangGraph (stateful multi-actor graph applications). Python and JavaScript/TypeScript are both supported.

What does the Memory component in LangChain primarily do?
Which companion product handles tracing and evaluation for LangChain apps?

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More Related questions...

What is LangChain? What is LCEL (LangChain Expression Language)? What are the key components of LangChain? How does LangChain differ from traditional LLM integration? What are LangChain Runnables? How do you install and set up LangChain? How do you use ChatModels in LangChain? What are PromptTemplates in LangChain? What are output parsers in LangChain? What is the LangSmith platform? What is LangChain Hub? What is LangServe? How do callbacks work in LangChain? How do you implement streaming in LangChain? How does LangChain handle versioning? What are Chains in LangChain? What is the difference between sequential and parallel chains? How do you use the pipe operator in LCEL? What are RunnablePassthrough and RunnableLambda? What are common chain composition patterns? How do you implement a ConversationChain? How does routing work in LCEL? How do you handle errors in chains? What are chain fallbacks and retries? How do you do batch processing with LCEL? What are LangChain Agents? What are the different agent types in LangChain? How do you create custom agents? What is AgentExecutor? How do tools work in LangChain agents? How do you create custom tools? What are multi-action agents? How do agents plan and reason? How do you integrate memory with agents? How do you debug LangChain agents? What is LangGraph? What are the differences between LangGraph and LangChain Agents? What is StateGraph in LangGraph? How do nodes and edges work in LangGraph? How do you implement conditional edges in LangGraph? How does state management work in LangGraph? What is the difference between MessageGraph and StateGraph? How does checkpointing work in LangGraph? How do you implement human-in-the-loop with LangGraph? How do you build multi-agent systems with LangGraph? What are subgraphs in LangGraph? How do streaming and callbacks work in LangGraph? What are persistence patterns in LangGraph? How do you handle errors in LangGraph? How do you deploy LangGraph applications?
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LangGraph LangChain Interview questions II

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