Implement a simple publish-subscribe broker using Go channels.

A pub-sub system decouples publishers from subscribers. The idiomatic Go implementation uses a broker goroutine that owns the subscriber registry and distributes messages — a single goroutine owning a map eliminates all locking.

type Broker[T any] struct {
    publish   chan T
    subscribe chan chan<- T
    cancel    chan chan<- T
    quit      chan struct{}
}

func NewBroker[T any]() *Broker[T] {
    b := &Broker[T]{
        publish:   make(chan T, 64),
        subscribe: make(chan chan<- T),
        cancel:    make(chan chan<- T),
        quit:      make(chan struct{}),
    }
    go b.run()
    return b
}

func (b *Broker[T]) run() {
    subs := map[chan<- T]struct{}{}
    for {
        select {
        case <-b.quit:
            for sub := range subs { close(sub) }
            return
        case sub := <-b.subscribe:
            subs[sub] = struct{}{}
        case sub := <-b.cancel:
            delete(subs, sub); close(sub)
        case msg := <-b.publish:
            for sub := range subs {
                select {
                case sub <- msg: // non-blocking: slow subscribers may miss
                default:
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

func (b *Broker[T]) Publish(v T)         { b.publish <- v }
func (b *Broker[T]) Subscribe() <-chan T {
    ch := make(chan T, 16)
    b.subscribe <- ch
    return ch
}
func (b *Broker[T]) Stop() { close(b.quit) }

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