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Integration / Apache NiFi Interview Questions

How does NiFi integrate with Apache Hadoop and HDFS?

NiFi provides a suite of processors for reading from and writing to HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) and integrates with the broader Hadoop ecosystem including Hive and HBase. The integration uses standard Hadoop client libraries and respects Hadoop authentication (Simple or Kerberos).

Key HDFS processors:

PutHDFS: Writes FlowFile content to a specified HDFS path. Supports configuring block size, replication factor, buffer size, compression codec (GZIP, Snappy, LZO), and write conflict resolution. The output path supports NiFi EL for dynamic path construction.

FetchHDFS: Reads a file from HDFS into a FlowFile. The path is taken from the path and filename attributes set by ListHDFS.

ListHDFS: Lists files in an HDFS directory recursively, producing one FlowFile per file with metadata attributes. Uses State Management to track already-listed files.

Hadoop configuration is provided via the Hadoop Configuration Resources property pointing to hdfs-site.xml and core-site.xml files. For Kerberos-secured clusters, configure the Kerberos Principal and Kerberos Keytab properties or reference a KerberosCredentialsService Controller Service.

NiFi also integrates with Apache Hive via SelectHiveQL (query execution) and PutHiveStreaming (transactional ACID inserts), and with HBase via PutHBaseCell, GetHBase, and ScanHBase processors.

What configuration files must be referenced in NiFi HDFS processors to connect to a Hadoop cluster?
Which Hive integration processor supports transactional ACID inserts into ORC-format Hive tables?

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More Related questions...

What is Apache NiFi and what problem does it solve? What is a FlowFile in Apache NiFi? What are the three NiFi repositories and what does each store? What is a Processor in Apache NiFi and what are the main processor categories? What is a Connection in NiFi and how does back-pressure work? What is NiFi Expression Language and where can it be used? What is data provenance in Apache NiFi and how do you access it? What is a Process Group in NiFi and why is it used? What is NiFi Registry and how does it integrate with NiFi? How does NiFi clustering work and what is the role of ZooKeeper? What is a Controller Service in NiFi and how is it different from a Processor? What is the GenerateTableFetch and QueryDatabaseTable pattern for incremental database ingestion? What is the Record-based processing model in NiFi and why is it preferred? What is State Management in NiFi and what types of state scope exist? What is NiFi Site-to-Site (S2S) and when do you use it? What is NiFi and how does it relate to Apache NiFi? What is NiFi Parameter Context and how does it differ from Variables? How does NiFi handle security — TLS, authentication, and authorization? What is the NiFi NAR (NiFi Archive) classloading model? What are Reporting Tasks in NiFi and what are common use cases? How do you handle errors and failures in a NiFi flow? What is the SplitText processor and how do you control split behavior? What is the MergeContent processor and how is it used? What is the InvokeHTTP processor and what are key configuration considerations? What is the PublishKafka and ConsumeKafka processor pair and what are key configuration options? What is the ExecuteScript processor and what scripting languages does it support? What is the JoltTransformJSON processor and how do you use it? What is the PutDatabaseRecord processor and how does it differ from ExecuteSQL? What is the ListSFTP and FetchSFTP processor pattern and how does it work? What is the LookupRecord processor used for? What is the PartitionRecord processor and what is a common use case? What is the ConvertRecord processor and how is it used for format conversion? What are the NiFi processor scheduling strategies? What is the difference between EvaluateJsonPath and FlattenJson processors? How does NiFi integrate with Apache Hadoop and HDFS? What is the UpdateAttribute processor and how is its Advanced Mode used? How do you implement deduplication in a NiFi flow? What is the HandleHttpRequest and HandleHttpResponse processor pair used for? How does NiFi achieve guaranteed delivery and what are its durability guarantees? What is the Funnel component in NiFi and when do you use it? What is the difference between GetFile and ListFile + FetchFile processors? How does NiFi support schema evolution in data pipelines? What is the RouteText processor and how does it differ from RouteOnContent? What performance tuning options are available in NiFi and what are common bottleneck patterns? How does NiFi integrate with cloud storage services like Amazon S3?
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